Causes, Effects and Solutions of Environmental Degradation.This is a worldwide problem. It is a scenario whereby a piece of land mass becomes increasingly dry and arid.
Causes, Effects and Solutions of Environmental Degradation.This is a worldwide problem. It is a scenario whereby a piece of land mass becomes increasingly dry and arid.
This is a worldwide problem. It is a scenario whereby a piece of land mass becomes increasingly dry and arid. In the process, it loses any water body, wildlife and all forms of vegetation. As such, drought is one of the major causes of desertification. Approximately 40% of the Earth?s surface is covered by dry lands with the largest hot desert being the Sahara desert in Africa. In most agricultural communities, overgrazing is the main cause of this occurrence. Likewise, deforestation by members of other ethnic communities for fuel purposes or acquisition of raw materials for construction is yet another cause. Gradually, as the vegetation cover diminishes, the soil is left bare and exposed to strong winds that blow it away. Sometimes, flush floods wash away the fertile soil leading and this kind of erosion causes land degradation.
Due to desertification, many people opt to abandon rural areas as these regions become unproductive. However, various techniques can be used to correct this anomaly. The local population can be sensitized on the importance of growing trees and seedlings can be planted in nurseries for onward transmission to these lands (Imeson 13). Similarly, contour trenching can also be applied. In this method, deep trenches are dug parallel to the landscape to prevent soil erosion. Erection of sand fences to prevent erosion and planting of leguminous crops that fix nitrogen into the soil from the air can be useful as well (Imeson 64). In addition, pastoralist can be encouraged to practice zero grazing in a bid to manage grazing lands. The movement of wildlife should also be restricted to control the rate of vegetation growth. Such measures prevent land exhaustion that is a constant threat to the biodiversity of the environment.
Overpopulation
In this case, the number of people in a certain area exceeds the capacity that it can handle. High birth rates and low death rates are some of its causes. In addition, the advancement in medical treatment has extended the life expectancy rate thus making people live longer. Furthermore, immigration of people from say rural to urban areas or from developing to developed countries puts a strain on the available resources especially the limited land that they have to share. This often leads to congestion as everyone struggles to survive on the same amount of food and water that the Earth produces. As a result, some natural resources are depleted. Environmental pollution has increased as well since there is an overuse of oil and natural gas that causes global warming. Likewise, poverty is on the rise because of this thereby leading to conflicts over natural resources. The high cost of living occasioned by a rise in unemployment worsens the situation (Einspruch 31).
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