Refer to the table below regarding age-specific prevalence of cigarette smoking among men from a city census in 1965, 1975, and 1985. Estimated response rates were approx
Refer to the table below regarding age-specific prevalence of cigarette smoking among men from a city census in 1965, 1975, and 1985. Estimated response rates were approximately 95%.
Create cross-sectional graphs of the percentage of current cigarette smokers versus age group for each census year. Put the three lines (one for each census year) on the same graph. Let the x-axis be age group and the y-axis be prevalence of smoking. Use arithmetic scale for the axes.
Table. Percentage of men who self-reported smoking cigarettes
in the 1965, 1975, and 1985 censuses
Age group:
Census year:
1965
1975
1985
15-24
60%
41%
37%
25-34
64%
48%
42%
35-44
62%
46%
41%
45-54
58%
42%
39%
55-64
50%
35%
28%
65-74
28%
21%
19%
Briefly state what is shown by a cross-sectional graph of age and smoking prevalence. Why might a cross-sectional graph be useful? Describe the relationship between smoking prevalence and age group.
According to the cross-sectional graph, what conclusions can be drawn regarding changes in smoking patterns across census years?
Create graphs for each birth cohort that has two or more observations in the above table. Put the multiple lines (one for each birth cohort) on the same graph. Let the x-axis be age and the y-axis be prevalence of smoking. Use arithmetic scale for the axes.
Briefly state what is shown by a cohort graph of age and smoking prevalence.
According to the cohort graph, what conclusions can be drawn regarding changes in smoking patterns?
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