Assignment: Mediator Or A Moderator Assignment: Mediator Or A Moderator
Assignment: Mediator Or A Moderator
Assignment: Mediator Or A Moderator
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Assignment: Mediator Or A Moderator
Find a peer-reviewed article that discusses a mediator or a moderator. You are encouraged to find an article related to your final project topic, but you may also use one of the articles listed here:
- Relationships Among Race, Education, Criminal Thinking, and Recidivism: Moderator and Mediator Effects
- Mediators and Moderators of Functional Impairment in Adults With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Describe the nature of the relationship that the mediator or moderator has to the independent and dependent variable.
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Does the general way that the author describes the mediator or moderator seem to fit with the process outlined by Baron and Kenny? Try not to get too bogged down with the statistics of the mediator and moderator tests, focus on the general principles.
A General Model for Testing Mediation and Moderation Effects
Abstract
This paper describes methods for testing mediation and moderation effects in a dataset, both together and separately. Investigations of this kind are especially valuable in prevention research to obtain information on the process by which a program achieves its effects and whether the program is effective for subgroups of individuals. A general model that simultaneously estimates mediation and moderation effects is presented, and the utility of combining the effects into a single model is described. Possible effects of interest in the model are explained, as are statistical methods to assess these effects. The methods are further illustrated in a hypothetical prevention program example.
Relations between variables are often more complex than simple bivariate relations between a predictor and a criterion. Rather these relations may be modified by, or informed by, the addition of a third variable in the research design. Examples of third variables include suppressors, confounders, covariates, mediators, and moderators (MacKinnon et al. 2000). Many of these third variable effects have been investigated in the research literature, and more recent research has examined the influences of more than one third variable effect in an analysis. The importance of investigating mediation and moderation effects together has been recognized for some time in prevention science, but statistical methods to conduct these analyses are only now being developed. Investigations of this kind are especially valuable in prevention research where data may present several mediation and moderation relations.
Previous research has described the differences between mediation and moderation and has provided methods to analyze them separately (e.g., Dearing and Hamilton 2006; Frazier et al. 2004; Gogineni et al. 1995; Rose et al. 2004). More recent research has presented models to simultaneously estimate mediation and moderation to investigate how the effects work together (e.g., Edwards and Lambert 2007; MacKinnon 2008; Muller et al. 2005; Preacher et al. 2007). A review of the substantive literature illustrates that few applied research examples have used these models, however. Although analyzing mediation and moderation separately for the same data may be useful, as described later in this paper, simultaneous examination of the effects is often relevant and allows for the investigation of more varied, complex research hypotheses.
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