Assignment: Status Of Cognitive Psychology Assignment: Status Of Cognitive Psychology

Assignment: Status Of Cognitive Psychology

Assignment: Status Of Cognitive Psychology

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Assignment: Status Of Cognitive Psychology

How do Bandura’s and Rotter’s views on cognitive factors differ from Skinner’s views?

How is modeling used to change behavior? Give an example.

How do people high in self-efficacy differ from people low in self-efficacy?

Distinguish between self-efficacy and locus of control in terms of their effects on behavior.

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What factors impeded the acceptance of Gestalt psychology in the United States?

On what grounds has Gestalt psychology been criticized?

On what grounds did Gestalt psychologists criticize behaviorism?

In what ways did Gestalt psychology affect psychology as a whole?

 

Discuss three ways in which cognitive psychology differs from behaviorism.

Describe cognitive neuroscience and the techniques used to map the brain.

How does cognitive neuroscience relate to earlier attempts to explain brain functioning?

 

What is the present status of cognitive psychology?

Bandura’s and Rotter’s social-cognitive theories of personality emphasize cognitive processes, such as thinking and judging

 

Learning Objective

  • Discuss the major components of social-cognitive theories of personality

Key Points

    • Social-cognitive theories of personality emphasize the role of cognitive processes, such as thinking and judging, in the development of personality.
    • Albert Bandura is a behavioral psychologist who came up with the concept of reciprocal determinism, in which cognitive processes, behavior, and context all interact with and influence each other.
    • Rotter expanded upon on Bandura’s ideas and developed the term locus of control to describe our beliefs about the power we have over our lives.
    • A person with an internal locus of control believes that their rewards in life are guided by their own decisions and efforts. If they do not succeed, they believe it is due to their own lack of effort.
    • A person with an external locus of control believes that rewards or outcomes are determined by luck, chance, or other people with more power than them. If they do not succeed, they believe it is due to forces outside of their control.

Terms

  • locus of controlThe extent to which individuals believe that they can control events that affect them; can be either internal or external.
  • self-efficacyThe term used to describe how one judges one’s own competence to complete tasks and reach goals.
  • social learning theoryA theory that assumes people learn certain behaviors through observing and imitating the behaviors of others, and then being rewarded or punished for behaving that way.
  • learned helplessnessThe condition of a human or animal that has learned to behave helplessly, failing to respond even though there are opportunities for it to help itself by avoiding unpleasant circumstances or by gaining positive rewards.

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