HEALTH PROMOTION STRATEGIES AND TACTICS PAPER (SIGNATURE ASSIGNMENT)
Students will identify and describe appropriate strategies and tactics to influence
behavioral, environmental, and policy to address the health status and improve outcomes of
a specific target audience in a 5-7 page paper.
For example, a tactic used to influence behavior would be an educational intervention to
increase condom use within a target audience. A tactic or method to influence
environmental change would be to develop an easily accessible system of walking trails
within a community in order to improve physical activity levels and combat obesity. A policy
to improve injury rates would be primary seatbelt laws. An additional tactic to influence
policy would be legislative advocacy focusing on securing funding for cancer research. The
examples above address different target audiences. Your paper will discuss tactics used to
address one specific target audience/community.
It is important that students source information from scholarly journals and peer-reviewed
articles for this assignment. To increase clarification, it should be noted that “interventions”,
“program(s)”, and “implementation” are all words that are the same, or closely associated
with the terms of “strategies” and “tactics” for health promotion. In other words, your
paper should reflect research that has been conducted to investigate improvements in
health outcomes of the target audience you selected.
The signature assignment paper is 100 points, and is due the fourth week, Sunday, 11:59
pm PST.
Describe Health Status of a Specific Community/Population: Clearly describes the health
status of a specific community using results from published needs assessments or current
relevant statistics.
• What are the patterns or distribution of disease? Or, what are the
patterns/distribution of health outcomes as a result of specific behaviors?
• Do health disparities exist?
• Several demographics of the community need to be provided.
• For example, provide the prevalence of males and females affected by a chronic
disease. How do rates of disease vary among different ethnicity groups? Different
levels of socioeconomic status? Age groups?
Identify and Describe a Strategy or Tactic used to Influence Behavioral Change: Clearly
identifies and describes two strategies/tactics/methods used to influence behavioral change
related to the health status and outcome of the specific community or population
described. The tactics discussed need to demonstrate success within the audience they
were utilized for.
• For example, was the implementation of a CVD salt reduction program focusing on
modifying participants beliefs about salt use statistically successful? Did it improve
the health outcomes of the target community?
Identify and Describe a Strategy or Tactic used to Influence Environmental Change: Clearly
identifies and describes two successful strategies/tactics/methods used to influence
environmental change related to the health status and outcome of the specific community
or population described. The tactics discussed need to demonstrate success within the
audience they were utilized for.
• For example, did the implementation of free cooking classes promoting reduced salt
recipes via local grocers demonstrate success? Did it improve the health outcomes of
the community?
• Did increasing the number and miles of safe sidewalk space in a local community
increase physical activity among residents? Did it improve the health of the
community?
Identify and Describe a Strategy or Tactic used to Influence Public Policy Change: Clearly
identifies and describes two successful strategies/tactics/methods used to influence policy
change related to the health status and outcome of the specific community or population
described. The tactics discussed need to demonstrate success within the audience they
were utilized for.
• For example, did implementation of a cigarette tax illustrate success? Did it improve
the health outcomes of the community?
• Did a media advocacy campaign focused on eliminating trans-fats from foods lead to
successful policy change? And, therefore improve CVD rates?
Additional Ideas for Health Promotion Strategies & Tactics Paper
For the target population/community that will frame your research:
• It could be a population defined by/as: o Chronic disease such as Obesity: trans-fat labeling; sugar/soda taxes/Schools o CVD o Tobacco o Alcohol o Seat belts o Workplace safety o Cancer o Prescription drug use o Drug abuse o HIV o Vaccine preventable diseases o Nutrition o Diabetes
Behavioral tactics & strategies:
According to HP 2020 (ODPHP, 2020), individual behavior also plays a role in health
outcomes. For example, if an individual quits smoking, his or her risk of developing heart
disease is greatly reduced.
Many public health and health care interventions (programs/implementations) focus on
changing individual behaviors such as substance abuse, diet, and physical activity. Positive
changes in individual behavior can reduce the rates of chronic disease in this country.
• For example, students could explain and describe a program implemented with the
goal of improving physical activity behaviors in a target population. Then, students
would describe the success of the implementation and the changes in health
behaviors. Provide statistics.
Other example ideas:
• Education
• Attitudes • Beliefs • Values • Actions • Calorie counting, control of sugar intake • Could be a specific campaign or program aimed at increasing or decreasing
behaviors (increasing knowledge of more healthful eating practices) • Could be a treatment (smoking cessation) • Think programs specific to behavior change
Environmental tactics & strategies:
According to HP 2020 (ODPHP, 2020), social determinants of health reflect the social
conditions and physical conditions of the environment in which people are born, live, learn,
play, work, and age. They impact a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life
outcomes. Poor health outcomes are often made worse by the interaction between
individuals and their social and physical environment.
• For this paper students would describe an implementation (intervention/program)
that changed social or physical conditions of the environment and as a result
positively impacted health outcomes. Describe the changes in outcomes and provide
statistics.
Examples of social determinants include:
• Availability of resources to meet daily needs, such as educational and job opportunities, living wages, or healthful foods
• Providing community resources to reduce or limit specific behaviors • Access to healthcare services • Exposure to crime, violence, and social disorder
• Social support and social interactions
• Exposure to mass media and emerging technologies
• Socioeconomic conditions, such as concentrated poverty
• Quality schools
• Transportation options
• Public safety
• Residential segregation
• Increasing access to areas/locations to exercise
Examples of physical determinants include:
• Natural environment, such as plants, weather, or climate change
• Built environment, such as buildings or transportation
• Worksites, schools, and recreational settings
• Increasing the number of safe walking paths so children are more likely to walk or bike to school
• Housing, homes, and neighborhoods
• Exposure to toxic substances and other physical hazards
• Physical barriers, especially for people with disabilities
• Aesthetic elements, such as good lighting, trees, or benches
• Drunk driving checkpoints • Increasing safe or healthy workplace practices • Prohibit smoking in the workplace
Policy tactics & strategies (federal, state, or local)
According to HP 2020 (ODPHP, 2020), policies at the local, state, and federal level affect
individual and population health. Increasing taxes on tobacco sales, for example, can
improve population health by reducing the number of people using tobacco products.
Some policies affect entire populations over extended periods of time while simultaneously
helping to change individual behavior. For example, the 1966 Highway Safety Act and the
National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (MVSA) authorized the Federal Government to
set and regulate standards for motor vehicles and highways. This led to an increase in
safety standards for cars, including seat belts, which in turn reduced rates of injuries and
deaths from motor vehicle accidents.
• For this paper, students would describe the MVSA and then describe how much
injury rates and deaths decreased as a result of the policy. Provide statistics.
Other example ideas:
• Laws • Ordinances • Tobacco tax
• School lunch policy/Nutritional standards • Seat belt laws • Laws allotting funding for specific health programs • Affordable Care Act • Advocacy campaigns leading to policy enactment/development and/or law(s) • Media efforts
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