Eric Johnson is a 21-year-old Caucasian male diagnosed with Pneumonia, Chlamydia, and seasonal allergies.
Eric Johnson is a 21-year-old Caucasian male diagnosed with Pneumonia, Chlamydia, and seasonal allergies. Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (NG) are the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infections in humans. (Nguyen, H & et al,2022). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2021), In the United States, the most frequently reported bacterial infection among persons aged <=24 years is Chlamydial infections. Doxycycline is considered the preferred treatment for Chlamydia Trachomatis with an alternative being Azithromycin. The first line of treatment is Doxycycline 100 mg orally 2 times/ day for 7 days and the alternative regimen is Azithromycin 1 gram single dose orally. Or levofloxacin 500 mg once a day orally for 7 days. The recommended treatment for community-acquired pneumonia without any comorbidities such as chronic lung, heart, liver, and renal disease is doxycycline. (Choi, S & et al, 2023). Fexofenadine is a metabolite of terfenadine and is a second-generation antihistamine (Craun, K & Schury, M, 2022) used to treat Seasonal allergic rhinitis and it mainly acts on peripheral histamine receptors.
In consideration of Eric Johnsons’ signs and symptoms and diagnosis, the recommended treatment would be Doxycycline 100 mg orally 2 times a day for 7 days, Fexofenadine 60 mg Per Oral 2 times a day, and Acetaminophen for fever if needed.
Doxycycline
Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum synthetic antibiotic, derived from oxytetracycline that acts against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. Doxycycline is readily absorbed and bound to plasma protein, concentrated by the liver, and excreted in the urine and feces. It is completely absorbed through oral administration.
Drug class: Miscellaneous antimalarials, Tetracyclines
Generic name: Doxycycline
Brand name: Acticlate, Adoxa CK, Adoxa Pak, Adoxa TT, Alodox, Vibramycin calcium, Vibramycin Hyclate, Vibramycin monohydrate and Vibra-Ta
Recommended dose: Doxycycline 100 mg orally 2 times a day for 7 days
Side effects: The common side effects of Doxycycline includes Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, loss of appetite, mild diarrhea, skin rash, itching, darkened skin color, vaginal itching, or discharge. Serious side effects such as severe watery or bloody diarrhea, trouble swallowing, chest pain, shortness of breath, irregular rhythm, oliguria, anuria, low white blood cell counts, severe headaches, ringing in ears, dizziness, vision problems, jaundice, and severe anaphylactic reaction may occur (Puckey, M, 2023).
Fexofenadine
Drug Class- Antihistamines
Generic name: Fexofenadine
Brand names: Allegra 12-Hour Allergy, Allegra 24-Hour Allergy, Allegra Allergy and Allegra OTC.
Starting dose- 60 mg orally 2 times a day
Mechanism of action- Fexofenadine is called peripheral histamine receptors, and works on histamine-1 receptors selectively which are located in our body, not in the central nervous system. It is less likely to cause drowsiness than other antihistamines. Histamine is a chemical released by mast cells in response to allergens that cause many allergy symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes. (pope, C, 2023).
Side effects
The common side effects are headache, back pain, cold symptoms such as sore throat, sinus pain, and stuffy nose. The serious side effects are flu-like symptoms, worsening cough, pain, and signs of ear infection such as fever, trouble hearing, and drainage from the ear.
Acetaminophen
Generic name: Acetaminophen
Brand names: Actamin, Anacin AF, Aurophen, Bromo Seltzer, and Children’s Tylenol
Dosage-650 mg every 6 hours, maximum 4 grams a day
Mechanism of action-Acetaminophen is a fever reducer, used to treat mild, moderate, and severe pain in conjunction with opiates.
Side effects- hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, stomach pain, loss of appetite, tiredness, itching, clay-colored stools, dark urine, and jaundice. (Durbin, K, 2023).
Are there any interactions between any of the medications you prescribed?
There is no drug interaction between these medications according to the drug interaction tracker.
Mr. Eric Johnson is educated on other non-pharmacological measures such as
To reduce fever use cooling measures such as applying a cold pack to the forehead, axilla, and groin.
Drinking plenty of fluids.
Plenty of rest.
Use a cool mist humidifier for a stuffy nose.
Sit upright position and the Head of the bed elevated to 30 degrees during sleep for shortness of breath.
Educate to abstain from sexual intercourse for 7 days until completion of a 7-day regimen and resolution of symptoms.
Always check with the healthcare provider before taking any herbal products, vitamins, and other over-the-counter medications.
Consuming large amounts of fruit juices such as grapefruit, orange, and apple may decrease the level of fexofenadine in our body.
Eat a well-balanced healthy diet.
Reference
Chlamydia Infections. Centers for Disease control and prevention (2021). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/chlam…
Choi, S & et al (2023). Efficacy of Doxycycline for Mild-to-Moderate Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved fromhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35903011/
Durbin, K, (2023). Acetaminophen. Drugs.com. Retrieved from https://www.drugs.com/acetaminophen.html
Nguyen, H & et al (2022) Randomized controlled trial of the relative efficacy of high-dose intravenous ceftriaxone and oral cefixime combined with doxycycline for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae co-infection BMC Infectious Diseases. Retrieved from https://web-p-ebscohost-com.usu.idm.oclc.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=8&sid=084f987c-920e-4534-88df-01f420d959ed%40redis
Pope, C.2023. Fexofenadine. Drugs.com. Retrieved from https://www.drugs.com/fexofenadine.html
Puckey, M, 2023. Doxycycline.Drugs.com. Retrieved from https://www.drugs.com/doxycycline.html
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