Who Sees the Problem Differently?
Who Sees the Problem Differently? Counterargument and Response
This essay should present and respond to focused, specific objections to your position on the issue. What
arguments have you found in your research that challenge or create problems for your own arguments in Papers
One and Two? How can you respond to these arguments while still maintaining your position? You will need to
summarize at least one substantial argument that challenges important claims or assumptions that you make in
your project.
Counterarguments should be based on sources you find in your research. In other words, you should not
just be inventing possible objections to your work, but rather finding actual texts that challenge some
important aspect of your own argument.
Look for strong arguments that offer sound reasoning and sufficient evidence to support their positions.
You will need to fairly and thoroughly present and characterize each opposing argument: avoid turning
your source into a “strawman” or leaving out important claims or evidence. However, also be selective:
focus on the elements in the source that are relevant to the counterargument.
The author and genre of counterargument sources should be introduced.
Include direct quotation from counterargument sources.
You will need to respond to each counterargument on its own terms. Are there flaws in the reasoning or
presentation of the counterargument or in the evidence it provides? Does it make assumptions or
include biases that you can challenge?
Your response might also make concessions and alter your own argument without abandoning the core
of your original stance. Does the counterargument have some convincing points that force you to
present further examples and evidence or that cause you to qualify (limit) some of your original claims?
Avoid repeating yourself in your response. In other words, you should not simply be re-presenting
arguments or evidence from your earlier papers, creating a circular, back-and-forth structure. Your
response should say something new. Including a direct critique of the counterargument sources – i.e.
explaining why those arguments are themselves flawed – is one way to make sure you are doing this.
Providing backing for an assumption in your own argument that the counterargument sources challenge
is another approach.
There is no set number of sources for this paper. You will, of course, need at least one or more cited
sources that provide counterarguments, but introducing too many may blur the focus of the paper. You
will also need to cite evidence that you use as part of your response.
The essay should include:
A central claim, expressed in a thesis statement, that establishes the nature of a strong objection to an
important aspect of your original argument and suggests your response.
A focused, cohesive, logical structure that includes unified, well-developed paragraphs
Sufficient evidence and reasoning
Proper integration and citation of sources using MLA 8th edition
Clear, engaging prose that adopts a tone appropriate to academic writing
Prose reasonably free of errors in grammar, punctuation, and usage
The paper should be 4 pages of text in length minimum, plus a separate works cited page.
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