Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning is the art of behavior alteration through consequence. The addition or lack of consequence in operant conditioning are used to modify behavior. If you would like to see behavior repeat, a reward is given; if you rather not see the behavior repeat, then a punishment is given, too. – **Rewards (Reinforcement):** There are positive and negative consequences within rewards. If you positive reinforce you will add something pleasant to increase the behavior; negative reinforce is to take away something that is unpleasant to increase the behavior. – **Punishments:** There are positive and negative consequences to punishment as well. Positive punish you to give something unpleasant to decrease a behavior; negative punish is the process in which you remove something pleasurable to decrease the behavior.
Classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning involves learning to associate stimuli. This learning process involves a neutral stimulus being paired with the unconditioned stimulus which produces the unconditioned response. Then the neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus, which produces the conditioned response. This conditioning is unconscious and creates physical responses and behaviors and many emotional reactions.There are three important parts to the classical conditioning process that we should never forget: the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), the unconditioned response (UCR), and the conditioned stimulus (CS). To have a good understanding of classical conditioning provides the key to manipulating stimuli causing behavior to be influenced. Classical conditioning can bevery helpful in behavior modification and even in therapy situations.
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