To what extent have guerrillas affected security dynamics?
Guerrilla warfare, waged by irregular rebel forces against established governments, has become a prominent topic of global security, rebels a group or a person who rises in opposition or armed resistance against an established government or ruler. Particularly in developing countries across South America, Africa, and the Middle East, guerrilla activity has sparked heated debates. Some view guerrillas as champions for the oppressed, fighting against corrupt regimes, and they see guerrillas as an escape from poverty, and this occurs typically in low-income areas. Others see them as dangerous insurgents wielding extremist ideologies such as communism and fascism or religious beliefs, destabilizing entire regions, and in some cases taking control over entire areas or even the entire country.
This complex phenomenon has demonstrably impacted security dynamics worldwide. Guerrillas disrupt state power, challenge conventional military strategies, and influence international intervention, such as the US sending troops to Colombia to fight guerrillas. By examining historical and contemporary examples, we can explore the multifaceted ways guerrillas have reshaped security environments, forcing governments and militaries to adapt to their approaches, and their harsh type of war and the strategies they use to gain power and finance their warfare.
Those who sympathize with guerrillas view them as a necessary resistance against oppressive governments. In situations where the government systematically violates human rights, ignore the needs of the citizens, and suppressed dissent, guerrillas can be seen as a desperate fight for justice. From this perspective, guerrillas are freedom fighters challenging a corrupt system with limited resources.
Economic disparity is another factor fueling guerrilla movements. In countries with vast wealth concentrated in the hands of a selected few, while the majority fights and struggles against poverty, those fighting for a fairer distribution of resources may resort to armed resistance. Guerrillas, in these cases, aim to empower marginalized communities and achieve a more equitable distribution of wealth.
The struggle for indigenous rights is another powerful motivator. For indigenous peoples whose land and culture have been systematically disregarded by dominant governments, guerrilla warfare can be a means of reclaiming their heritage and defending their way of life. The Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) in Mexico is a prime example of this.
Pro-guerrillas voices acknowledge the violence inherent in such conflicts. However, they often argue that is in response to the violence and injustice that some governments do, such as government brutality, massacres, and forced disappearances as justifications for armed resistance.
One big example is that in Colombia there are “false positives” with guerillas, and false positives is when the army kills innocent’s civilians such as farmers and low income individuals and then dress them as guerrilla fighters after that they say that they kill guerrilla individuals, and this is a big violation to human rights and cause a lot of negative impacts in the security of the country, as well it cause the ONU to investigate the action taken by the government, and it gives more reasons for guerrillas to fight against this inequality.
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