A misdemeanor is a minor criminal offense punishable by less than one year in prison. Petty theft is a misdemeanor, as is vandalism, trespassing, and prostitution. Some people convicte
A misdemeanor is a minor criminal offense punishable by less than one year in prison. Petty theft is a misdemeanor, as is vandalism, trespassing, and prostitution. Some people convicted of misdemeanors are fined. Others are sentenced to probation or community service philosophy test / quiz prep
complete the worksheet down below.
Requirements: completed questions
Introduction to Symbolic Logic Quiz 1 Name: _______________________
State whether the following are arguments or non-arguments. If an argument, write the conclusion.
1. A misdemeanor is a minor criminal offense punishable by less than one year in prison. Petty theft is a misdemeanor, as is vandalism, trespassing, and prostitution. Some people convicted of misdemeanors are fined. Others are sentenced to probation or community service.
2. Given the vast number of planets that exist in the universe, there must be intelligent life on other planets besides Earth. This is further supported by the large number of UFO sightings, and by the fact that water and other conditions necessary for sustaining life have already been found on other planets even within our own solar system.
3. There?s no doubt that Joel Embiid will finally win MVP of the NBA this year. He has finished in second place behind Nikola Jokić for two years in a row, and there?s no way they?ll give the award to Jokić yet again. There?s also no one besides Jokić who seems capable of beating Embiid.
State whether the following arguments are deductive or inductive.
4 I?ve thrown this pebble up in the air 763,449 times, and so far each time it has come back down. Therefore, if I were to throw it up in the air again now, it would come back down.
5. All men from Cincinnati are bald, and Socrates is a man from Cincinnati. Therefore, Socrates is bald.
6. Most men from Cincinnati are bald, and Socrates is a man from Cincinnati. Therefore, Socrates is bald.
7. 9+63=72, and 72×4=288, so (9+63)×4=288.
8. Everyone who tried the lasagna ice-cream got sick. There must?ve been something toxic in the ingredients.
State whether the following deductive arguments are valid or invalid and sound or unsound.
9. No U.S. President has ever been eaten by ants, and George Bush was not eaten by ants, so it follows that George Bush was President of the U.S.
10. No plants are mammals and Cher is a mammal, so Cher is not a plant.
11. 1+1=3. Therefore, a rose is a rose.
State whether the following inductive arguments are strong or weak and cogent or uncogent:
12. I don?t know much of anything about swans, and I?ve only seen 1, but it was white, so I?m guessing that all swans are white.
13. Fire has always produced smoke before, so it?s probably going to get smoky in here when we light this fire up.
14. 98% of all doctors are terrific bowlers. Therefore, Dr. Kevorkian was probably a terrific bowler.
Use the counterexample method to prove that the following arguments are invalid.
I. All forms of exercise are healthy, so eating vegetables is a form of exercise, since eating vegetables is healthy.
15. Argument Form 16. Counterexample
II. If the economy crashes, then stock prices fall, because if stock prices fall, then pension funds shrink, and if the economy crashes, then pension funds shrink.
17. Argument Form 18. Counterexample
III. No sunrises are beautiful, for all sunsets are beautiful, and no sunrises are sunsets.
19. Argument Form 20. Counterexample
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