Atrial fibrillation is characterized by

Question 1Atrial fibrillation is characterized by _____.

 

an erratic, wavy baseline and irregular ventricular rhythm

 

“saw-tooth”- or “picket-fence”-shaped waveforms preceding each QRS

 

one P wave before each QRS and a regular ventricular rate of 60 to 100 beats/min

 

P waves occurring before, during, or after the QRS complex; when seen, they are inverted

 

Question 2Which of the following are possible causes of sinus bradycardia?

 

Elevated temperature, pain

 

Increased intracranial pressure, beta-blocker overdose

 

Hypoxia, fright, caffeine-containing beverages

 

Hypovolemia, administration of sympathomimetics

 

Question 3An ECG rhythm strip shows a regular ventricular rhythm at a rate of 30 beats/min, more P waves than QRS complexes (the P waves occur regularly), a variable PR interval, and a QRS duration of 0.14 seconds. This rhythm is _____.

 

2:1 AV block

 

third-degree AV block

 

second-degree AV block type I

 

second-degree AV block type II

 

Question 4How are frequent PACs usually managed?

 

Defibrillation

 

Synchronized cardioversion

 

Correcting the underlying cause

 

Administration of medications such as atropine or epinephrine

 

Question 5What is meant by the term pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?

 

A chaotic rhythm that is likely to degenerate into cardiac arrest

 

An organized rhythm on the cardiac monitor (other than VT), although a pulse is not present

 

A slow rhythm with a wide QRS complex

 

A flat line on the cardiac monitor

 

Question 6Which of the following are possible causes of sinus tachycardia?

 

Hypothermia, hypovolemia

 

Hypoxia, calcium channel blocker overdose

 

Fever, pain, anxiety

 

Vomiting, vagal maneuvers

 

Question 7A delta wave is an ECG characteristic associated with which of the following dysrhythmias?

 

Junctional rhythm

 

AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)

 

Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome

 

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)

 

Question 8 Tall, peaked T waves observed on the ECG are most commonly seen in patients with _____.

 

hypokalemia

 

hyponatremia

 

hyperkalemia

 

hypernatremia

 

Question 9An ECG rhythm strip shows a ventricular rate of 46 bpm, a regular rhythm, a PR interval of 0.14 seconds, a QRS duration of 0.06 seconds, and one upright P wave before each QRS. This rhythm is _____.

 

sinus rhythm

 

sinus bradycardia

 

sinus arrest

 

sinoatrial block

 

Question 10To determine whether the ventricular rhythm on an ECG tracing is regular or irregular, compare _____ intervals.

 

PR

 

R to R

 

TP

 

P to

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