Maintenance, repair, and overhaul is an integral part of keeping aircraft airworthy.
Maintenance, repair, and overhaul is an integral part of keeping aircraft airworthy. This process requires establishing a suitable maintenance program to ensure the maintenance is completed correctly and on-time to ensure standards are kept while lowering the time and cost of keeping the aircraft down for maintenance. One of the regulations that plays an important role in this process is Advisory Circular (AC) number 120-16F. AC 120—16F covers air carrier maintenance programs, to include the difference between maintenance and inspection programs and some of the FAA regulatory requirements. This document requires air carrier maintenance programs have three specific objectives, these are required “to provide the highest possible level of safety in air transportation”[CITATION 12012 1 1033 ]. The basics of the three objectives are, one, ensure the aircraft is airworthy and properly maintained. Two, perform all maintenance and alterations according to the maintenance manual. Three, making sure there are qualified personnel, facilities, and equipment to perform the maintenance. There are ten elements that ae also required for a maintenance program. AC-120-16F lists them as airworthiness responsibility, air carrier maintenance manual, air carrier maintenance organization, accomplishment and approval of maintenance and alterations, maintenance schedule, required inspection items (R11), maintenance recordkeeping system, contract maintenance, personnel training, and continuing analysis and surveillance system (CASS). These ten elements make up a basic maintenance program and serve as a guide for companies building their maintenance organizations. With the objectives and elements laid out by AC 120-16F and using Maintenance Steering Group Processes companies or carriers that conduct maintenance have the basis to create a great maintenance program.
The inspection process during an overhaul could make or break the schedule for returning an aircraft to service. If maintenance personnel are thorough in the inspection process, there will not be any surprises with replacing the worn-out parts. If the process is not done correctly then there may be more parts that have to be fixed later in the overhaul process that was not scheduled at the beginning. This has been the main reason for late delivery of aircraft I have seen during Air Force overhaul processes. The beginning inspection of the overhaul along with how the mechanics are managed, generally equates to how fast and safe the aircraft is returned to service. After the inspection is completed, the managers can use the different aircraft zones to conduct maintenance at different levels to alleviate bottlenecks in the process. While zone one could still be in the inspection phase zone two and three could be rebuilding if zone one parts have no effect on the other zones. Nhile the management of a maintenance organization can help alleviate the bottlenecks of aircraft maintenance, there have been many studies that suggest technology can help even further. Esposito, Lazoi, Margarito, & Quarta, 2019 suggests that automated tracking of parts can achieve a radical improvement in performance in the MRO process. This is because companies are requiring more data from all areas to maximize production and maintenance capacity.
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