Prepare the Results section of your evaluation report.? Refer to page 222 of the textbook for assistance with this section.? When reporting statistical results
esults Section Draft
Prepare the Results section of your evaluation report. Refer to page 222 of the textbook for assistance with this section. When reporting statistical results, be sure to use APA style; please refer to the APA Publications Manual for proper formatting of statistical outcome data.
*Note: Avoid first person verbiage and write in third person, no direct quotes, and do not give possession to in-text citations or inanimate objects.
The book is Evaluation Fundamentals Insights into Effectiveness, Quality, and values
Author Arlene Finks
The book is a hard copy I can not attach
Running Head: WEEK 5 DISCUSSION 1
WEEK 5 DISCUSSION 2
Week 5 Discussion
Name:
Instructor:
Date:
Analysis was carried out in SPSS to determine before (Pre) and after (Post) treatment of participants from the two groups, that is, level of anxiety among children who between 3 to 13 years and adult opiate substance abuse for adults aged 65 and above.
Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to examine Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) outcome variables for the levels of anxiety between children of ages 3 to 13 (Reardon et al., 2018). The variables SCAS_Pre_Total and SCAS_Pst_Total, which were the sums of score items before and after treatment, were used. Analysis was as shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Descriptive Statistics |
|||||
N |
Mean |
Std. Deviation |
Minimum |
Maximum |
|
SCAS_Pre_Total |
54 |
67.6481 |
9.50106 |
48.00 |
84.00 |
SCAS_Pst_Total |
54 |
67.7593 |
9.28569 |
48.00 |
84.00 |
Test Statisticsa |
|
SCAS_Pst_Total – SCAS_Pre_Total |
|
Z |
-.962b |
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) |
.336 |
a. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test |
|
b. Based on negative ranks. |
According to the analysis, Z (52) = -.962, p = .336. The descriptive statistics showed that children anxiety was higher after treatment (M = 67.76, SD = 9.29) compared to before treatment (M = 67.64, SD = 9.50). The difference was not significant however since the p-value was greater than .05.
Wilcoxon Singed Rank Test was also used to examine the difference in mean scores for adult opiate substance abuse (ASI) before and after treatment. Table 2 showed the results of the analysis.
Table 2
Descriptive Statistics |
|||||
N |
Mean |
Std. Deviation |
Minimum |
Maximum |
|
ASI_Pre_Total |
46 |
26.6304 |
6.08225 |
17.00 |
39.00 |
ASI_Pst_Total |
46 |
27.6739 |
6.45344 |
19.00 |
42.00 |
Test Statisticsa |
|
ASI_Pst_Total – ASI_Pre_Total |
|
Z |
-3.584b |
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) |
.000 |
a. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test |
|
b. Based on negative ranks. |
Analysis indicated that Z (44) = -3.584, p < .01. According to descriptive statistics, the ASI scores after treatment were higher (M = 27.67, SD = 6.45) compared to ASI scores before treatment (M = 27.67, SD = 6.45). The differences in opiate substance abuse among older people showed that treatment significantly increased the intake since p-value was less than .05 level of significance.
When a control and treatment group are considered, Mann-Whitney U test was the most suitable test to determine the difference in means for SCAS and ASI scores between those who received treatment and those who did not (Lin et al., 2021). The analysis were as shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Test Statisticsa |
||
SCAS_Pre_Total |
SCAS_Pst_Total |
|
Mann-Whitney U |
331.500 |
330.500 |
Wilcoxon W |
682.500 |
681.500 |
Z |
-.565 |
-.582 |
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) |
.572 |
.561 |
a. Grouping Variable: Groups |
Analysis indicated that the difference was not significant for both SCAS_Pre_Total (Z (52) = -.565, p = .572) and SCAS_Pst_Total (Z (52) = -.582, p = .561).
Table 4 shows the Mann-Whitney U test for the opiate substance abuse scores.
Table 4
Test Statisticsa |
||
ASI_Pre_Total |
ASI_Pst_Total |
|
Mann-Whitney U |
219.000 |
187.000 |
Wilcoxon W |
625.000 |
593.000 |
Z |
-.746 |
-1.480 |
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) |
.456 |
.139 |
a. Grouping Variable: Groups |
Analysis indicated insignificance difference in means between treatment and control group for both ASI_Pre_Total (Z (44) = -.746, p = .456) and ASI_Pst_Total (Z (44) = -1.48, p = .139).
Reference
Reardon, T., Spence, S. H., Hesse, J., Shakir, A., & Creswell, C. (2018). Identifying children with anxiety disorders using brief versions of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale for children, parents, and teachers. Psychological assessment, 30(10), 1342.
Lin, T., Chen, T., Liu, J., & Tu, X. M. (2021). Extending the Mann‐Whitney‐Wilcoxon rank sum test to survey data for comparing mean ranks. Statistics in Medicine, 40(7), 1705-1717.
,
A. Thomas McLellan, Ph.D. Deni Carise, Ph.D.
Thomas H. Coyne, MSW T. Ron Jackson, MSW
Remember: This is an interview, not a test
≈Item numbers circled are to be asked at follow-up.≈ ≈Items with an asterisk * are cumulative and should be rephrased at
INTRODUCING THE ASI: Introduce and explain the seven potential problem areas: Medical, Employment/Support Status, Alcohol, Drug, Legal, Family/Social, and Psychiatric. All clients receive this same standard interview. All information gathered is confidential; explain what that means in your facility; who has access to the information and the process for the release of information. There are two time periods we will discuss: 1. The past 30 days 2. Lifetime Patient Rating Scale: Patient input is important. For each area, I will ask you to use this scale to let me know how bothered you have been by any problems in each section. I will also ask you how important treatment is for you for the area being discussed. The scale is: 0 – Not at all 1 – Slightly 2 – Moderately 3 – Considerably 4 – Extremely Inform the client that he/she has the right to refuse to answer any question. If the client is uncomfortable or feels it is too personal or painful to give an answer, instruct the client not to answer. Explain the benefits and advantages of answering as many questions as possible in terms of developing a comprehensive and effective treatment plan to help them.
Please try not give inaccurate information!
INTERVIEWER INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Leave no blanks. 2. Make plenty of Comments (if another person reads this ASI, they
should have a relatively complete picture of the client's perceptions of his/her problems).
3. -9 = Question not answered. -8 = Question not applicable.
4. Terminate interview if client misrepresents two or more sections. 5. When noting comments, please write the question number. HALF TIME RULE: If a question asks the number of months, round up periods of 14 days or more to 1 month. Round up 6 months or more to 1 year. CONFIDENCE RATINGS:⇒ Last two items in each section. ⇒ Do not over-interpret. ⇒ Denial does not warrant misrepresentation. ⇒ Misrepresentation = overt contradiction in information.
Probe, cross-check and make plenty of comments!
HOLLINGSHEAD CATEGORIES: 1. Higher execs, major professionals, owners of large businesses. 2. Business managers if medium sized businesses, lesser professions, i.e.,
nurses, opticians, pharmacists, social workers, teachers. 3. Administrative personnel, managers, minor professionals, owners/
proprietors of small businesses, i.e., bakery, car dealership, engraving business, plumbing business, florist, decorator, actor, reporter, travel agent.
4. Clerical and sales, technicians, small businesses (bank teller, bookkeeper, clerk, draftsperson, timekeeper, secretary).
5. Skilled manual – usually having had training (baker, barber, brakeperson, chef, electrician, fireman, machinist, mechanic, paperhanger, painter, repairperson, tailor, welder, police, plumber).
6. Semi-skilled (hospital aide, painter, bartender, bus driver, cutter, cook, drill press, garage guard, checker, waiter, spot welder, machine operator).
7. Unskilled (attendant, janitor, construction helper, unspecified labor, porter, including unemployed).
ALCOHOL/DRUG USE INSTRUCTIONS: The following questions refer to two time periods: the past 30 days and lifetime. Lifetime refers to the time prior to the last 30 days. ⇒ 30 day questions only require the number of days used. ⇒ Lifetime use is asked to determine extended periods of use. ⇒ Regular use = 3+ times per week, binges, or problematic irregular use in which normal activities are compromised. ⇒ Alcohol to intoxication does not necessarily mean "drunk", use the words “to feel or felt the effects", “got a buzz”, “high”, etc. instead of intoxication. As a rule of thumb, 3+ drinks in one sitting, or 5+ drinks in one day defines “intoxication". ⇒ How to ask these questions: → “How many days in the past 30 have you used….?” → “How many years in your life have you regularly used….?”
{Module Name} Module
Addiction Severity Index – 5th Edition Clinical/Training Version
LIST OF COMMONLY USED DRUGS: Alcohol: Beer, wine, liquor Methadone: Dolophine, LAAM Opiates: Pain killers = Morphine, Diluaudid, Demerol, Percocet, Darvon, Talwin, Codeine, Tylenol 2,3,4, Robitussin, Fentanyl Barbiturates: Nembutal, Seconal, Tuinol, Amytal, Pentobarbital, Secobarbital, Phenobarbital, Fiorinol Sed/Hyp/Tranq: Benzodiazepines = Valium, Librium, Ativan, Serax Tranxene, Xanax, Miltown, Other = ChloralHydrate (Noctex), Quaaludes Dalmane, Halcion Cocaine: Cocaine Crystal, Free-Base Cocaine or “Crack,” and “Rock Cocaine” Amphetamines: Monster, Crank, Benzedrine, Dexedrine, Ritalin, Preludin, Methamphetamine, Speed, Ice, Crystal Cannabis: Marijuana, Hashish Hallucinogens: LSD (Acid), Mescaline, Mushrooms (Psilocybin), Peyote, Green, PCP (Phencyclidine), Angel Dust, Ecstacy Inhalants: Nitrous Oxide, Amyl Nitrate (Whippits, Poppers), Glue, Solvents, Gasoline, Toluene, Etc. Just note if these are used: Antidepressants, Ulcer Meds = Zantac, Tagamet Asthma Meds = Ventoline Inhaler, Theodur Other Meds = Antipsychotics, Lithium
{Module Name} Module
Addiction Severity Index – 5th Edition Clinical/Training Version
Agency Name: ___________________________ Site Name: ______________________________
ID #: __ __ __ __ __ __ Date: __ __ / __ __ / __ __ __ __
GENERAL INFORMATION COMMENTS (Include the question number with your notes)
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
GENERAL INFORMATION G1. ID Number __________________________ G4. Date of Admission
mm/dd/yyyy __ __ /__ __ /__ __ __ __
G5. Date of Interview
mm/dd/yyyy __ __ /__ __ /__ __ __ __
G6. Time Begun
Use 24 hr clock; code hours:minutes ___ ___ : ___ ___
G7. Time Ended Use 24 hr clock; code hours:minutes
___ ___ : ___ ___ HRS MINS
G8. Class 1 – Intake 2 – Follow-up
___
G9. Contact Code ___ 1 – In person 2 – Telephone (Intake ASI must be in person)
G10. Gender 1 – Male 2 – Female
___
G99. Treatment Episode Number ___ ___
G11. Interviewer Code Number ___ ___ ___
G12. Special 1 – Patient terminated 2 – Patient refused 3 – Patient unable to respond
___
G14. How long have you lived at your current address?
__ __ / __ __ YRS MOS
G15. Is this residence owned by you or your family? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
G16. Date of birth __ __ /__ __ /__ __ __ __ mm/dd/yyyy
G17 Of what race do you consider yourself? ___ 1 – White (not Hisp) 5 – Asian/Pacific 2 – Black (not Hisp) 6 – Hispanic-Mexican 3 – American Indian 7 – Hispanic-Puerto Rican 4 – Alaskan Native 8 – Hispanic-Cuban 9 – Unknown G18. Do you have a religious preference? ___ 1 – Protestant 4 – Islamic 2 – Catholic 5 – Other 3 – Jewish 6 – None G19. Have you been in a controlled environment in
the past 30 days? ___
1 – No 4 – Medical tx 2 – Jail/prison 5 – Psychiatric tx 3 – Alcohol or drug tx 6 – Other A place, theoretically, without access to drugs/alcohol. G20. How many days? ___ ___
If G19 is No, code -8. Refers to total number of days detained in the past 30 days.
MEDICAL STATUS
M1. *
How many times in your life have you been hospitalized for medical problems? ___ ___
Include O.D.’s and D.T.’s. Exclude detox, alcohol/drug, psychiatric treatment and childbirth (if no complications). Enter the number of overnight hospitalizations for medical problems.
M2. How long ago was your last hospitalization for __ __ / __ __ a physical problem? YRS MOS If no hospitalizations in Question M1, then code -8 / -8.
MEDICAL COMMENTS (Include the question number with your notes)
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
INTERVIEWER SEVERITY RATING M9. How would you rate the patient’s need for medical
treatment? Refers to the patient’s need for additional medical treatment.
___
M4. Are you taking any prescribed medication on a regular basis for a physical problem? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
If Yes, specify in comments. Medication prescribed by a MD for medical conditions; not psychiatric medicines. Include medicines prescribed whether or not the patient is currently taking them. The intent is to verify chronic medical problems.
M5. Do you receive a pension for a physical disability? 0 – No 1 – Yes ___
If Yes, specify in comments. Include Workers’ compensation, exclude psychiatric disability.
M6. How many days have you experienced medical problems in the past 30 days? ___ ___
Include flu, colds, etc. Include serious ailments related to drugs/alcohol, which would continue even if the patient were abstinent (e.g., cirrhosis of liver, abscesses from needles, etc.).
For Questions M7 & M8, ask patient to use the Patient Rating Scale M7. How troubled or bothered have you been by these
medical problems in the past 30 days? Restrict response to problem days in Question M6.
___
M8. How important to you now is treatment for these medical problems? If client is currently receiving medical treatment, refer to the need for additional medical treatment by the patient.
___
CONFIDENCE RATINGS Is the above information significantly distorted by:
M10. Patient’s misrepresentation? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
M11. Patient’s inability to understand? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
M3. Do you have any chronic medical problems which continue to interfere with your life? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
If Yes, specify in comments. A chronic medical condition is a serious physical condition that requires regular care (i.e., medication, dietary restriction) preventing full advantage of their abilities.
EMPLOYMENT/SUPPORT STATUS
E1. * Education completed GED = 12 years, note in comments. Include formal education only.
__ __ / __ __ YRS MOS
EMPLOYMENT/SUPPORT COMMENTS (Include the question number with your notes)
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
E2. * Training or technical education completed Formal, organized training only. For military training, only include training that can be used in civilian life (i.e., electronics, computers).
__ __ MOS
E3. Do you have a profession, trade, or skill? 0 – No 1 – Yes ___
Employable, transferable skill acquired through training. If Yes, specify: __________________________________
E6. How long was your longest full-time job? Full-time = 35+ hours weekly; does not necessarily mean most recent job.
__ __ / __ __ YRS MOS
E10. Usual employment pattern, past 3 years? ___ 1 – Full time (35+ hours) 5 – Military service 2 – Part time (regular hours) 6 – Retired/disability 3 – Part time (irregular hours) 7 – Unemployed 4 – Student 8 – In controlled environment Answer should represent the majority of the last 3 years, not just the most
recent selection. If there are equal times for more than one category, select that which best represents the current situation.
E4. Do you have a valid driver’s license? 0 – No 1 – Yes ___
Valid license; not suspended/revoked.
E5. Do you have an automobile available for use? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
If answer to E4 is No, then E5 must be No. Does not require ownership, only requires availability on a regular basis.
E7. * Usual (or last) occupation ___ Specify Use Hollingshead Categories Reference Sheet
E11. How many days were you paid for working in the past 30 days? ___ ___
Include “under-the-table” work, paid sick days and vacation.
E8. Does someone contribute to your support in any way? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
Is patient receiving any regular support (i.e., cash, food, housing) from family/ friend. Include spouse’s contribution; exclude support by an institution.
E9. Does this support constitute the majority of your support? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
If E8 is No, then E9 is -8.
EMPLOYMENT/SUPPORT COMMENTS (Include the question number with your notes)
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
INTERVIEWER SEVERITY RATING E22. ___ How would you rate the patient’s need for
employment counseling?
EMPLOYMENT/SUPPORT STATUS (cont) For questions E12-E17:
How much money did you receive from the following sources in the past 30 days?
E12. Employment Net or “take home” pay, include any “under the table” money.
$___ ___,___ ___ ___
E13. Unemployment compensation $___ ___,___ ___ ___ E14. Welfare
Include food stamps, transportation money provided by an agency to go to and from treatment.
$___ ___,___ ___ ___
E15. Pension, benefits or social security Include disability, pensions, retirement, veteran’s benefits, SSI & workers’ compensation.
$___ ___,___ ___ ___
E16. Mate, family or friends Money for personal expenses (i.e., clothing); include unreliable sources of income. Record cash payments only, include windfalls (unexpected), money from loans, legal gambling, inheritance, tax returns, etc.
$___ ___,___ ___ ___
E17. Illegal Cash obtained from drug dealing, stealing, fencing stolen goods, illegal gambling, prostitution, etc. Do not attempt to convert drugs exchanged to a dollar value.
$___ ___,___ ___ ___
E18. How many people depend on you for the majority of their food, shelter, etc.? ___ ___
Must be regularly depending on patient; do include alimony/child support, do not include the patient or self-supporting spouse, etc.
E19. How many days have you experienced employment problems in the past 30? ___ ___
Include inability to find work, if they are actively looking for work, or problems with present job in which that job is jeopardized.
For Questions E20 & E21, ask patient to use the Patient Rating Scale E20. How troubled or bothered have you been by these
employment problems in the past 30 days? If the patient has been incarcerated or detained during the past 30 days, they cannot have employment problems. In that case, code -8.
___
E21. How important to you now is counseling for these employment problems? Stress help in finding or preparing a job, not giving them a job.
___
CONFIDENCE RATINGS Is the above information significantly distorted by: E23. Client’s misrepresentation?
0 – No 1 – Yes ___
E24. Client’s inability to understand? 0 – No 1 – Yes
___
ALCOHOL/DRUGS Route of Administration Types:
1 – Oral 2 – Nasal 3 – Smoking 4 – Non-IV injection 5 – IV Note the usual or most recent route. For more than one route, choose the most
severe. The routes are listed from least severe to most severe. A.
Past 30 Days
B. Lifetime (Years)
C. Route of Admin
D1. Alcohol (any use at all) ___ ___ ___ ___
D2. Alcohol (to intoxication) ___ ___ ___ ___
D3. Heroin ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D4. Methadone ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D5. Other Opiates/Analgesics ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D6. Barbiturates ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D7. Other Sedatives/Hypnotics/ Tranquilizers
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D8. Cocaine ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D9. Amphetamines ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D10. Cannabis ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D11. Hallucinogens ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D12. Inhalants ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
D13.
More than one substance per day Including alcohol
___ ___ ___ ___
D15. How long was your last period of voluntary abstinence from this major substance?
___ ___ MOS
Last attempt of at least one month, not necessarily the longest. Periods of hospitalization/incarceration do not count. Periods of antabuse, methadone, or naltrexone use during abstinence do count. 00 = never abstinent
D16. How many months ago did this abstinence end? If D15 = 0, then D16 = -8, 00 = Still abstinent
___ ___ MOS
ALCOHOL/DRUGS COMMENTS (Include the question number with your notes)
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
D14. ___ ___
According to the interviewer, which substance is/are the major problem? Interviewer should determine the major drug or drugs of abuse. Code the number next to the drug in questions D1-D12, or: 00 = no problem 15 = alcohol & one or more drugs 16 = more than one drugs but no alcohol. Ask patient when not clear.
ALCOHOL/DRUG COMMENTS (Include the question number with your notes)
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ________________
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