The main sources of standards for health care organizations and professionals today are through licensing and accredit

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Q1

The main sources of standards for health care organizations and professionals today are through licensing and accreditation processes. The term "standards" refers to explicit statements about the quality sought in the conduct of a health care activity. The purpose of standards is that they set expectations. (America et al., 2021). If anyone violates a professional standard, their healthcare organization may be held liable, and their license may be revoked. 

Health care information standards in The U.S. have a profound impact on organizations in their operations. This is additionally referred to as Interoperability. Interoperability is the point is to give ideal and consistent convey the ability of information and upgrade the health of individuals and populaces all around the world. There are four degrees of interoperability. Foundational, Structural Semantic, Organizational. ("Interoperability in Healthcare", 2021)

The federal initiatives and legislations have a significant impact on Health IT in the US. Health Data Initiative Act (HDI): This act was passed with the objective of storing the medical history of patients at a place that can be fetched and retrieved easily for future references. The HDI also ensures that patient privacy is honored. Finally, HITECH Act: This act stands for Health Information technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act. This act was drafted with the objective of facilitating and encouraging the use of electronic health records (EHRs) in the healthcare of the country. 

In the end, Chronic Disease Management, Primary Care Coordination, and Health Information Technology (HIT) — There is strong evidence that approaches or programs in these areas can improve quality and health outcomes.

Q2

Standards for health care organizations are developed in several different ways. These methods can be divided into four main categories. These categories are ad hoc, de facto, government mandates, and overall consensus. Ad hoc is a method used when a group of individuals decides on a certain mandate without a formal adoption process. An example of this method is the DICOM standard for health care imaging. The de facto method is when an outside vendor that controls the market for a specific product becomes the standard. For example, Windows operating system is a product that is largely used because of its dominance in the computer processing marketplace. The government mandate method is established when the government requires health care information systems to follow certain policies, laws, and regulations, such as HIPAA. Lastly, there is a consensus that happens when groups of people largely agree and decide upon a certain standard to put into place. An example of a standard decided by the consensus method is the Accredited Standards Committee (ACS). 

The role of organizations that significantly impact the adoption of healthcare information standards in the U.S is to effectively promote portability, data exchange, and interoperability. For example, ANSI's mission is to enhance both global competitiveness and the quality of life by promoting and facilitating voluntary consensus standards and conformity assessment systems (ANSI, 2021). Federal initiatives and legislation such as HIPAA and CMS have had a significant impact on the adoption of healthcare information standards in the U.S. They have mandated that healthcare organizations maintain certain standards for electronic transactions and standard code sets for these transactions and identified the standards organizations that would oversee the adoption of standards for HIPAA compliance. (Wager et al., p. 364, 2017). CMS has implemented that there are certification requirements that are organized according to objectives, measures, specific criteria, and standards. This maintains that health care organizations are following a set of rules and regulations that promote ethical patient care that is standardized on a national level. 

Healthcare IT standards are vital to the future of healthcare delivery systems in the U.S. because they enable healthcare information systems to be interoperable, portable, and to exchange data. Without standards, best practices for these organizations would not be met with a minimum quality. Standards set forth a basis of rules to follow and meet that require organizations to provide an equal value of care. By continuing to develop upon standards the progression of health care delivery systems will continually improve.